UNESCO: 'Emerging countries take advantage of R&D'

The 2010 report of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) on November 10 affirmed that emerging countries are strongly challenging the position of the great powers of science. -Technologies like the US, Europe and Japan in the field of research and development (R&D).

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Illustration. (Internet source)

The above UNESCO report shows that the world science and technology picture is changing rapidly. Currently emerging countries are gaining advantages in this area.

Asia's share of global R&D investment during 2002-2007 increased from 27% to 32% while not increasing in Germany, France, the UK and even in the US and Russia.

In 2002, developed countries performed 83% of R&D activities, but this rate fell to 76% in 2007. This trend is even more apparent if the industry's contribution to total expenditure is included. domestic for R&D.

UNESCO Director General, Irina Bokova, emphasized the assignment of R&D activities between the Northern and Southern countries also changed with the emergence of new action agents in the world economy.

The bipolar science-technology world dominated by the US trio, the European Union (EU) and Japan are gradually making way for the multipolar world with a growing number of public and private research centers in the whole North and South.

The proportion of researchers in developing countries among global researchers increased from 30% in 2002 to 37% in 2007. While still leading the world, the number of scientific publications of developed countries decreased from 84% in 2002 to 75% in 2008.

Besides, the 2010 scientific report of UNESCO also warned that brain drain from developing countries to developed countries continued.

While developing countries train more scientists and researchers, this does not mean that these researchers will find jobs in the country, creating a wave of male migration. -North, North-North.

Statistics show that at least one-third of African researchers migrated abroad in 2009.

Of the 59 million migrant workers currently living in countries under the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), up to 20 million are highly qualified workers.

UNESCO Director General Bokova emphasized strengthening regional and international scientific cooperation that has an important role to overcome the increasingly complex and ever-growing global challenges.

In the coming years, international diplomacy will operate in the form of scientific diplomacy. Therefore, UNESCO will promote efforts to strengthen international partnerships and cooperation, especially South-South cooperation.