Fertilizer production from straw

Straw should not be burned but can use microbial products to be able to decompose quickly and become organic fertilizer that contributes to environmental protection, a biological expert advised.

According to Dr. Tran Dinh Man, Deputy Director of the Institute of Biotechnology, with about 4 million hectares of paddy land, the annual amount of waste straw is up to 76 million tons. This amount is equivalent to 20 million tons of oil, if burned, it will waste the source of organic material that can be used as fertilizer.

Therefore, the use of rice straw for the right purpose, not only helps to improve soil, improve economic efficiency in agricultural production but also limits environmental pollution. Rice straw organic fertilizer contributes to the increase of humus, nutrient supplement and improve crop quality.

Many farmers believe that burning rice straw in the field will create good fertilizer, but according to the scientists will make the soil structure change.

Dr. Man said that biological products should be used to turn rice straw into fertilizer for the field. " Powdered microbial preparations containing 12 to 15 types of microorganisms isolated in Vietnam, of which are mainly actinomycetes, yeast strains are capable of producing different enzymes to decompose organic matter. in garbage and straw , "said the doctor.

In microbiological preparations there are microorganisms that can withstand some plant diseases, and microorganisms that help plants grow well.

As for how to do this, according to Dr. Man, after harvesting, farmers collect straw in the corner of the field, mix inoculants together with water and NPK fertilizer and then irrigate rice straw. Mix 1kg of inoculant mixed with 1kg of NPK fertilizer, dissolve in water and water in straw. 1 ton of straw requires about 5 to 10 pounds of inoculant, depending on how long the farmer wants straw to be quick or slow.

Then, cover the straw with normal plastic bags to keep heat or cover the mud over the field. 20 days later, straw and straw will be decomposed to create organic fertilizer that can be applied immediately to plants. " When using this organic fertilizer, the amount of chemical fertilizer will decrease by more than 30%, the yield of rice will increase by 10-15% compared to the unused field, the price of inoculants is very cheap, VND 13,000-VND 15,000 / kg. " , Mr. Man said.

Besides, Dr. Man advised, should make use of mushroom growing straw, making construction materials or cushioning fragile cargo transport. Rice straw is also used to produce pulp and biofuel.

Meanwhile, the situation of burning rice straw is getting more and more popular after harvest. In Hanoi, earlier this week, many people witnessed the dust covered. This phenomenon is controversial in the scientific community, with some people saying that the cause of the smoke is caused by straw burning by farmers, the other group says that it is photochemical blindness.

The burning of rice straw is common after harvest season, causing significant impacts on the environment and people's health. According to experts, dust and smoke when burning rice straw pollutes the air, causing great harm to human health. Children, the elderly, and people with respiratory diseases, chronic diseases, are most likely to be affected.