Technology for treating straw into organic fertilizer

The technology of rice straw treatment in the field of bio-fertilizer to protect the environment and develop sustainable agriculture is the project that gives Dr. Le Van Tri the first prize of Vietnam Science and Technology Innovation Award (Vifotec). ) 2016.

The technology of rice straw treatment in the field of bio-fertilizer to protect the environment and develop sustainable agriculture is the project that gives Dr. Le Van Tri the first prize of Vietnam Science and Technology Innovation Award (Vifotec). ) 2016.

Each year the Vietnamese rice industry produces more than 40 million tons of straw. (Photo: Tien Dung)

The author said he decided to embark on this technology because when he visited the field, he found farmers took a lot of time to process the straw after harvesting. They have to incubate for 6-8 months before the new straw. If not tempered, farmers only have a way to burn, causing dust and smoke in many surrounding areas. Meanwhile, rice straw, if properly treated, will become a useful source of bio-fertilizer for plants.

The difficulty of processing rice straw is a lignocelluloses that are difficult to biodegrade. After studying the properties of straw, Dr. Le Van Tri has produced probiotics with useful microorganisms such as yeast, mold, bacteria, bacteria . Mechanism of action of the regime This product is a mixture of microorganisms to treat straw and disease-resistant microorganisms for plants and minerals, microelements . that will work together to thoroughly resolve straw into rich organic fertilizer. nutrition.

Specifically, the rice straw will be collected in a pile and then watered so that the humidity is always 80-85%. Prepare the composition according to the rate of 200gr with 50 liters of water and 1kg of NPK for 1 ton of straw. After that, the straw was spread in piles with a width of about 2m. Each layer of straw is about 30cm thick, watering a mixture. When the straw pile is about 1.5-1.6m, cover it with a tarpaulin. For the best and fastest decomposition straw, the pile should be covered so that the temperature remains at 400C. In 10 days, it is necessary to check and reverse it once. After 20-30 days, the rice straw is decomposed, so it can be used for fertilizing or fertilizing the crop.

According to Dr. Tri, the advantage of this treatment method is to shorten 7-10 times the normal time of composting straw, without causing unpleasant odors during incubation, completely friendly to the environment. Each ton of rice straw will produce 10kg of nitrogen, 9.5kg of phosphate and 21kg of potassium. Rice straw composting has helped solve the large amount of straw after harvest, while also saving considerable money on inorganic fertilizers, helping to protect land in a sustainable way.

Dr. Tri said that in addition to rice straw, farmers can apply the above procedure for by-products of sugarcane (bagasse) or paper industry (waste bark from material trees).