How is your gene decoded to detect cancer early?

Humans have two types of genes, BRCA1 and BRCA, responsible for repairing and restoring the body; If this gene mutation increases the risk of cancer.

Dr. Phan Minh Liem, who runs the Cancer Research Institute in Nha Trang, said that when two BRCA genes, BRCA1 is mutated, the body cannot be recovered, thus increasing the risk of cancer.

"Similarly, the TP53 gene is resistant to cancer, if this gene is mutated, the risk of cancer increases to 85% ," said Dr Liem.

New technology now allows doctors to take samples of saliva, mucous membranes in the mouth or patient samples for testing and genetic analysis.

"Doctors will analyze the gene map after testing, detect faulty genes. The test screened 20,000 genes for genetic mutations that could increase the risk of cancer , " said the director of the Biomedical Institute. to speak. To analyze this gene, doctors have to rely on supercomputers, artificial intelligence, then provide clinical trials and ultimately give treatment regimens.

Dr. Phan Minh Liem, MD Anderson Cancer Center (University of Texas, USA).(Photo: Character provided).

When a mutant gene capable of cancer is detected, experts will send samples to the MD Anderson American Cancer Research Center to conduct independent tests. In case of detecting patients with tumors, the doctor immediately provides a suitable preventive plan. Patient records confirmed by this center, sent to the doctor directly treating patients

For example, patients nearly 50 years of age have lung cancer, the risk of death is high if not detected promptly for treatment. Where this person is soon tested to detect a mutant gene, the doctor can overcome this faulty gene. "After nearly a month of editing the gene, the tumor in the body will decrease, then the patient continues to treat the regimen, reducing the risk by 70%, prolonging the life," Dr. Liem said.

However, the current technology of genetic testing and decoding costs quite high compared to Vietnamese people, averaging 70-100 million VND per shift for testing 22,000 genes. The Cancer Research Institute is developing more artificial intelligence to automate and reduce costs so that any patient can test.

Sai Ching Jim Yenung, MD Anderson American Center expert, evaluates genetic testing to help experts monitor and predict tumors that exist in the patient's body, helping to decipher resistance mechanisms."Based on molecular points, doctors classify breast cancer patients for appropriate treatment regimens , " Sai Ching Im Yenung said.

Similarly, Professor Mong Hong Lee said, through genetic tests, doctors can determine the key mutations that promote cancer development, assess tumor weaknesses, monitor and limit the Drug resistance of cancer. This technology also helps doctors optimize treatment regimens and assess cancer risk.

Cancer is a century disease. Each year, Vietnam recognizes more than 125,000 new cancers, including 90,000 deaths, the country with the highest cancer death rate in the world and most of them late detection.