Better thanks to the predestined salary with the ancient people

The interaction between Neanderthals and one species in the extinct genus Denisovan helps strengthen the immune system and leave evidence in the DNA of modern humans.

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The findings of American researchers add to the evidence that modern people left Africa about 65,000 years ago, having once traveled with Neanderthal and Denisovan , two strains of people who once lived in Europe and Asia. The latest issue in the journal Science is the first evidence that how intercourse helps define modern human genetics and the attributes that they pass on to us.

Peter Parham, professor of cell biology, microbiology and immunology at Stanford University and his colleagues focused on studying the HLA (ie human leukocyte antigen ) gene on chromosome 6, which is a related element. weight and rapid evolution of the human immune system. 'Modern communities leaving Africa to settle in other continents may be just small groups departing with limited HLA diversity and depleting HLA diversity due to illness. The reciprocal relationship with the ancient people helps to supplement the HLA variant into the modern human population, which enhances genetic survival and fights more effectively with infection ' , Parham said. know.

Illustrating the life of a Neanderthal family in a cave - (Photo: Reuters)

Professor Parham and colleagues examined the genetics of Neanderthal and Denisovan, as well as the DNA of modern human communities. The analysis showed that HLA genes of Neanderthal and Denisovan accounted for more than half of such immune-related genes in modern Europeans and Asians. They may have passed on to Africans later.

For example, according to scientists' estimates, more than half of the variation in an HLA gene (specifically here HLA-A) in Europeans may be derived from the Neanderthal or Denisovan DNA. In Asians, the proportion is more than 70%, and in Papua New Guinea people, the rate is more than 95%. Such percentages provide clues about how modern people migrate and interact. Scientists believe that some modern people migrated from Africa 67,500 years ago. Relations have become evident 50,000 years ago.' As the ancient people lived in Asia and Europe hundreds of thousands of years before modern humans appeared, their HLA isoforms were almost certainly adapted to indigenous infectious diseases, thus strengthening adding the immune system of modern people , ' Parham said.

Some Europeans and Asians then returned to Africa about 10,000 years ago, bringing with them the newly received genes as well as enhanced immunity associated with this process.