Cave: Natural museum house

Many caves in the world still retain the living evidence of a period tens of thousands of years ago .

In 1879, in Cantabria (northern Spain), 30 km away from Santander, it was discovered that Altamira cave.

In this cave, the skeleton of the prehistoric bear (extinct, scientific name Ursus spelaeus, often called cave bear), remains intact because their fossil bones are mostly found in caves, And also there are giant deer bones that lived more than 10,000 years ago (at that time the deer were as big as a cow). There are also paintings on the ceiling of the bison, wild horses and wild pigs. The painters at that time used red soil and charcoal as the main color.

All of these specimens are about 12,000 years old, found in 1940 in a cave system in France called Lascaux. The paintings in Lascaux, aged 13-25,000 years old, show images of animals such as wild horses, European bison, giant bears and deer.

Postojna Cave (Photo: Softpedia News)

The nearby Montespan cave with 20,000 years of age also features drawings of mammoths, horses, wild cows, deer and hyenas. There are also small statues of bears and lions made of clay.

In 1959, scientists discovered 55 pictures of Kapov cave animals in southern Ural, Russia such as mamut, giant deer, horses, bears, lions, ancient rhinos (with fur thick, scientific name is Coelodonta antiquitatis). The main colorant used by artists is red or yellow clay, or charcoal.

In the Bear Cave (Bears' Cave) in western Romania, in 975, archaeologists also found 140 skeleton of the ancient bear with age of 15,000 years.

In 1818, the famous Postojna cave in southwestern Slovenia was also discovered. This cave is not famous for its remarkable height of 33m, large pillars, age or beautiful stalactites and stalagmites, but because it is home to the live amphibians in the cave: blind salamander Proteus. In the Cuban caves people also find blind fish.

Proteus species of blind salamander in Postojna cave. (Photo: Softpedia News)

The most famous cave in America is the Mamut (Mammoth Cave) Cave, in Kentucky. This is the longest cave in the world with a length of 591km, crossing the Blue River (Green River). Guests coming here can go sightseeing by car, boat, raft .

And Holloch in Switzerland is the largest in Europe (the second in the world) with a length of 190km. The deepest cave is Gouffre Berger (France) with a depth of 1,122m.

On the mountains of Majorca Island (in the Balearic Islands, Spain) there are many saltwater and freshwater lakes.

The largest ice cave in the world, 42km long, is Eisriesenwelt (Austria), 40km from Salzburg.

40km from Bogota's capital, Bogota, is a famous Salt Cathedral (Salt Cathedral) with 100 years of age, and was built in the tunnel of a 200m deep salt mine. It can accommodate up to 10,000 people, and can completely overshadow Paris's Notre Dame church (France).

Figure drawing wild horses on the Lascaux cave wall. (Photo: Softpedia News)

Manh Duc