Dogs 'myths' in world history

Human history not only names great men, but also 'great dogs'.

Ivan Pavlov's dog 'conditioned reflex'

Ivan Petrovich Pavlov (1849 - 1936) was a famous Russian physiologist, psychologist and physician. He was recognized by the world history with the Nobel Prize in 1904 for his work related to the digestive system and later on the construction of the fundamental law of conditional reflections based on experiments. he conducted on dogs.

According to the story, Pavlov and his assistant often conducted gastric secretions for an old dog belonging to the German shepherd breed. The dog lived in the laboratory for many years and knew all the staff here. He knew Pavlov was the leader here, so he was very attached to him.

Ivan Pavlov and his colleagues at the lab's dog

One day, the dog was brought up to stand on the experimental podium, each drop of gastric juice flowed into a tray through a tube. The taste of the dog secretes normally, about 25 drops per minute. Suddenly outside the door echoed the footsteps of the dog-keeping staff, the step was farther away and lost.

At that time, the experimental staff discovered that the secretion of dog secretions increased suddenly, about 100 drops per minute. This phenomenon had never happened before, so they reported to Pavlov. Pavlov was surprised and immersed in thought.

When there is no explanation, the footsteps of the dog-keeping staff from afar will come. Once again, the dog's gastric juice secretes greatly. It seems that the dog's footsteps are the cause of a lot of gastric juice in dogs.

To confirm this, Pavlov told the dog breeder every 15 minutes to go back to the lab door once, doing so three times. And Pavlov was happy to discover that every time a dog employee passed in front of the lab, the dog's gastric juice increased.

Pavlov deduced: "The dog's footsteps are closely associated with the appearance of food, long after it and food has a special relationship through the dog's head, which is the step of the dog owner The footsteps sounded, the dog knew right away that the food was about to be delivered, through the cerebral nerve, ordered to make the stomach more gastric juice. "

This is the basis for Pavlov to conduct more experiments, thus building up the basic law of the conditioned condition of animals - a great discovery of the history of world science.

The most unfortunate thing in this story is the name of the dog that helped Pavlov discover that the law of conditioned reflections was not recorded. The posterity simply calls it 'Pavlov's dog'.

Laika - the first 'dogman' of humanity

Shortly after the successful launch of the Sputnik-1 satellite on October 4, 1967, Soviet scientists quickly promoted the launch of the Sputnik-2 spacecraft to bring the first living creature to space. Dogs have been considered the most suitable test subjects because they have the ability to exist in the same space as humans.

And immediately a "dog crew " was formed, consisting of 3 members who are dogs named Laika, Albina and Mushka. To become a true astronaut, they have to undergo rigorous tests and training to get used to the cramped cabin, the weightlessness and the strong vibrations and roars of the Sputnik-2 engine. , practice wearing special clothing, use canned foods in liquid form .

Laika dog before flying into space

At the end of the training course, Albina was transferred to the living body stamina testing department under extreme acceleration conditions when the rocket launched; Mushka was transferred to the spacecraft's testing division and landing gear; Laika also serves to study living endurance in non-gravity conditions.

And it was this task that helped Laika, a 3-year-old dog, weighs 16kg to become the first living creature to fly into space. On November 3, 1957, at the Baikonur Cosmodrome, the Sputnik-2 was launched into orbit, carrying this legendary dog.

The amount of food and oxygen is only enough for Laika to use for 10 days, while the mission of Sputnik-2 will last until April 1958. That means that Laika's fate has been decided from the beginning, it will die and be burned with the ship when returning to the earth's atmosphere.

The information provided by the Soviet Space Research Agency at the time indicated that Laika had lived up to the fourth day of the trip.

After 163 days of continuous flight 2,570 around the earth's orbit, on April 14, 1958, the Sputnik-2 brought Laika's corpse that burned on the way back to earth, successfully ending its pioneering mission. Laika's sacrifice was not wasteful because it helped prove one thing: a living creature could exist in a state of zero gravity.

To commemorate Laika, for half a century, many countries have released commemorative stamps and postcards with this lovely animal image. Consumer goods, Laika-inspired bands were also born. Laika also became the subject of many novels, movies, songs .

Hachiko - the monument to the dog's loyalty

Hachiko is a small Japanese native breed dog, born in November 1923 in Akita Prefecture, Japan. The dog was raised by Tokyo University professor Ueno and considered as a biological child, because his family did not have a son.

Every morning, Hachiko walks with Professor Ueno Eizaburo to the station to see him off on the train to work. And every three o'clock in the afternoon, Hachiko returned to the station and waited for the professor to return.

But on May 12, 1925, Professor Ueno had a stroke while standing on the lecture hall at school and could not return forever. As for Hachiko, every day, he still arrives at the station at 3 pm to pick up the owner. It was already 3 hours long, it was already dark and without the professor returning, Hachiko was not discouraged, still waiting patiently.

Hachiko Dog

Perhaps Hachiko understood that something bad had happened. But it still goes to the station waiting for the owner at 3pm every day. The surrounding people began to pay attention to Hachiko's hopeless wait for her deceased master and took turns taking care of it. Hachiko's heartwarming story began to spread everywhere. People go to Shibuya to see Hachiko, feed him, or rub his head.

Over the years, Hachiko was still present at the station at 3pm, although he had arthritis and was too old. It was not until March 8, 1935, that Hachiko died at the very place where he was waiting for his master, ending 10 years of waiting in vain.

Many newspapers have published on the front page of Hachiko's death. People have donated money to hire sculptor Ando Teru to make a bronze statue of Hachiko, located in the platform, where the dog has been waiting for his owner for nearly 10 years. The statue was taken away as a weapon during World War 2, but was rebuilt by the son of the sculptor Ando Teru in 1948 and survived in Shibuya station until today.

This statue is now known as a meeting place in Shibuya, where people go there and wait for their friends .