Two students built equipment to record nuclear radiation sources

Concerned about the fact that radioactive substances are silently penetrating and destroying human health, two students of Nhan Viet High School (Tan Phu District) have successfully researched and fabricated a radiation detector. radiation, can be used immediately in everyday life.

Today, radioactivity is everywhere, in the air we breathe daily, or in drinking water . Radioactive substances damage or destroy living cells until the last moment, We don't have any doubts either.

According to scientific studies, more than 70% of radioactive substances enter the human body through food and equipment around us. The level of radiation impact depends on whether the body is affected by a short or long duration of radiation.

Tools created for human health can also be a cause of health damage, when X-ray machines, MRI . in hospitals are also quite large sources of irradiation. Every year, around the world, thousands of children are born with birth defects caused by mutated cells, millions of people suffering from different cancers. But modern medicine can only resist these dangers with painful cutlery and chemotherapy.

The creation of measuring devices that can record radiation immediately in everyday life becomes an essential need, protecting people in everyday life.

Tran Trung Tien and Le Tan Sang with nuclear radiation recognition equipment.

Understanding this, two students Tran Trung Tien and Le Tan Sang (Nhan Viet High School, Tan Phu District) have successfully researched and manufactured devices to record nuclear radioactive radiation , which can be used right in Daily life.

Sharing about the reasons for implementing the topic, Tran Trung Tien said, at present, in our country, nuclear physics is growing. The demand for research and nuclear applications is getting deeper and deeper. In experimental nuclear physics, radiation recognition detectors play a very important role. "Therefore, we have the idea to create a device that can record simple radiation. It can be used to study, study, experiment . that are affordable. , has applicability and high efficiency ".

Le Tan Sang said that in experimental nuclear physics, radiation detectors play a very important role. Detector not only helps detect radiation but can also collect signals to determine the radioactive spectrum. When nuclear radiation passes through the physical environment, they lose energy during interaction with electrons and the atomic nucleus of the environment. The energy of radiation can be partially or completely lost, gradually losing or taking a while depending on the type of interaction. Detectors are responsible for converting lost radiation energy into electrical impulses and are recorded by attached devices.

"Based on this basic principle, we have created a detector that measures radiation according to the form of ionization chamber. This is a form of radiation detector with the simplest structure, and is widely used to transmit Show and measure some ionizing radiation like X-rays, gamma rays and alpha particles , " Tan Sang said.

The two ionization chambers manufactured by you include a metal measuring chamber, a piece of wire used as an electrode, two resistors and two transistors that amplify the electrical signal caused by the radiation. In addition, there is a multi-function meter used to record the voltage signal, the screen mesh used to limit background radiation causing interaction with the measuring chamber and the mica box has the function of protecting the chamber.

In principle, electrically charged particles pass through the ionization chamber, creating free electron-ion pairs. The stronger the ionization effect, the easier it is to detect passing particles. The electrons and positive ions generated by the ionizing effect will shift to two electrodes under the electric field effect. The convergence of charges on electrodes causes an electrical signal to appear in the external circuit, which is recognized and analyzed by the measuring unit.

Assuming there is no radioactive source around the ionization chamber, the shielded chamber is well protected so the ionization effect in the chamber does not occur. In contrast, if we place a radioactive source near the ionization chamber, the radiation will move through the chamber to cause ionization and create positive ions, electrons, these charged particles move under the effect. the electric field goes to the appropriate electrodes, forming in an electric current chamber. The closer the radioactive source is placed, the more the spark signal will be seen as the ionization effect increases.

Unlike other radiometer devices, your device is relatively simple and cheap. Therefore, it can be used immediately in daily life, contributing to protecting people's health.