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Scientific experts at Brookhaven National Laboratory, US Department of Energy have used the technique to look for devices with marked radioactive and descriptive techniques that were first applied in medicine to discover how Plant foods deal with pressures like environmental pollutants, microorganisms or herbivores.

By using radioactive ' tag ' molecules and sensitive detectors to produce high-resolution images, experts have shown that jasmonate - a plant hormone is produced in response to The pressure can move quite quickly throughout the tree. This is also a proof that jasmonate performs ' radio ' and warns ' warfare ' to launch extensive defensive operations. The study published in Planta also shows the effect of jasmonate on sugar transport - the basic substance for plant growth.

Plant scientist Richard Ferrieri- Brookhaven - the study's author says it is similar to the Adrenalin attack because jasmonate activates the attack of the scrucoza that can help energize the plant's defense response.

Scientists are really impressed with the details of the images that help to know the directional movement within the vascular system of plants. Dr. Richard said we can see that jasmonate moves in the range of the bastard - a tube that helps to move sugar from leaves to storage or growth and that xylem-tubes help to transfer water and nutrients from the soil. The study also evokes essential ecological and evolutionary problems that need to be further identified in signaling in plants.

Photos taken with positron radiation show the radioactive energy distribution of C-11 on tobacco leaves 60 minutes after being provided with a marked atom.On the left picture, C-11 CO ₂ is distributed in the red area to help photosynthesis happen faster to create C-11 scrucoza lines.The image shows the radiation pathway moving toward the leaf bone to point out to the root, through an image depicting the dark area outside the circled area.This indicates that there is only one flow through the leaf tissue of the Libe.On the right picture, the C-11 type of plant hormone (jasmonate) is also used with the same area on the leaf.In this case, the radioactive material moves towards the leaf bones Libe, and at the same time crosses a different boundary as well as the direction of the origin, which indicates that the xylem tissue also circulates.

Experts recognize that the unspecified moment is after a part of the plant's destruction of defensive reactions quickly appears in these areas, indicating that somehow the information is ' fighting '. ' has been moved to warn other areas that need defenses. Jasmonate is considered to be related to the transfer of those signals.

To examine the role of this hormone Brookhaven scientists have developed a way to assign jasmonate to a form of Carbon radioactivity (C-11) so that positron radiography can be captured. its position and internal movement within the range of the tree. This method investigates this plant beyond the scope of the basic radioactive chemical tools used to describe the image of the transfer of drugs or other materials in humans and animals using positron radiography - this is a common method used in medical diagnosis and research.

There are two characteristics of C-11 that make this method appealing to research:

- First, it emits radiation that is used to detect non-invasive living organisms, so plants can be studied under full functional conditions.

- Second, the radioactivity will end in a short time - half the life cycle is only about 20 minutes, so plants are not radioactive after testing, so it is possible to conduct experiments many times. In the past it was only possible to assess radioactivity in plants if it was cut into small pieces and dried, but doing so would destroy the organism and limit the ability to observe metabolic processes when they work.

And the current study suggests that this is not the case when using short-lived radioactive substances to study as biological indicators. By using fast radiography techniques, experts observed the flow of radioactive plant hormones throughout the plant's vascular transport system.

Dr Ferrieri said: "The ability to quickly exchange jasmonate between xylem and libe tissue can take it anywhere in the plant despite not being invaded even if there is only one system involved , this is providing essential evidence to demonstrate the role of jasmonate as a ' warrior ' beacon, and more likely to be able to identify signal transduction across the entire plant.

During the study, scientists also discovered the transfer of radioactive ' carrying tag ' lines produced by photosynthesis using C-11 radioisotopes. This technique is only applied on 3 laboratories of the world. By using sucrose, which carries radioactive tags , experts can study the effects of jasmonate and pharmacokinetics that dramatically change the processes inside plants. The Brookhaven study, which uses jasmonate in solid pepper leaves, can actively transfer sugar into increased vascular tissue as well as transfer sugar to all areas of the plant.

Dr. Ferrieri believes that jasmonate enhances the chemical energy of a plant transport system in order to transfer more sugar to agencies for the defense process. Moreover, these new non-invasive descriptive techniques help promote better awareness of how plants respond to environmental pressures and have many potential applications. Clearly, these techniques are likely to help improve the national agricultural industry, in addition to improving plant performance in other functions, such as using plants to clean up environmental pollutants. called biological treatment, or can help improve the production of biofuels from crops to maintain and secure energy in the future.

This research was funded by Development Assistance and Experimental Research, the Office of Biological and Environmental Studies of the US Department of Energy Department of Science and the German Exchange Bureau.

Anh Phuong