The role of varieties in production

According to Prof. Dr. Nguyen Van Luat, good varieties are considered as one of the most effective assistants to help farmers increase the amount of gray matter in agricultural products.

The development of Vietnam's economy has many advantages, there are many challenges, after participating in and implementing the Asian free trade area (AFTA) policy, and fulfilling its commitments in the chapters. the general effective tariff concessions (CEPT) of AFTA, especially since our country's integration into the World Trade Organization (WTO). The above context has a strong impact on agriculture, as well as on industry and services. These effects are both positive due to the advancement of science and technology, and can be negative if our country does not exceed the technical barrier. Evidence is that imported fruits encroach on the domestic market due to lower quality and selling prices; Exported shrimp and fish products were returned due to food safety issues.

Vietnam is trying to overcome challenges to take advantage in competition in international markets as well as in the country, making this competition truly a driving force for the development of agricultural economy with socialist orientation. Competitive agriculture represents an increasingly clear market economy of WTO integration, mainly on the basis of developing clean agriculture, ecological agriculture, urban agriculture, high-tech agriculture .

Culture of new plant varieties
at the Institute of Biotechnology.

In the country, between agriculture, industry and services, there is also competition in the area of ​​land, water and especially human resources, when the process of industrialization and urbanization takes place faster and faster. In agriculture, this competition also occurs in many aspects: such as between farming and raising / releasing shrimp and fish. Farmers always choose reasonable technology solutions in their conditions, especially crops and livestock with the most suitable varieties to produce the highest profit.

The competition is regarded as the "judge" to win for producers who have the highest quality products and the lowest prices. The invisible hand of the market economy and tangibility of the socialist state makes the integration economy develop constantly due to the increase in the content of gray matter in the product, our country has only achieved 17%, while China has achieved 48%, the US reached 82%. Good varieties are considered as one of the most effective assistants to help farmers grow faster than the amount of gray matter in agricultural products.

There are many ways to have good varieties. Farmers in ancient agriculture started with gathering and hunting, and then chose in nature good varieties to produce themselves. Basmati and Khaodokmali varieties, which are still world famous, are chosen in this way, with OMCS7 with 75-80 days selected from rice production in Binh Chanh district (Ho Chi Minh City). Efforts are being made to revitalize fragrant Vietnamese special rice varieties, such as eight fragrant rice in the Red River Delta and her fragrant in the Mekong Delta.

The most common and popular method of breeding and breeding is hybridization, methods of creating other rice varieties, such as mutation to create three and two-line hybrid rice varieties, culturing pollen bags that have given varieties for production, but also in potential and additional positions.

Breeding with modern biotechnology, including genetic engineering, chalk culture is being applied in Vietnam. Development of genetically modified (GM) crops currently has a significant commercial significance in the application of modern agricultural biotechnology. A review in 1999, genetically engineered varieties were planted on 39.9 million hectares, revenues from GM varieties amounted to 2.3 billion USD. In Vietnam, many scientific agencies have approached and implemented projects of this type, including the Department of Biotechnology in the Mekong Delta Rice Institute implementing the Bin Ghet project, formerly the Rockerfeller Foundation. . Varieties of the crop under study are rice, cotton, soybean (soybean). There were GM rice varieties brought to An Giang and Tra Vinh trials and trial production, proved to be promising. This is a new and difficult job, but when it does, it makes a lot of sense. Just reducing the import of pesticides costing foreign currencies, increasing production to reduce the import of cotton fiber, corn seeds, soybean seeds, especially to protect farmers from poisoning and protect the ecological environment for sustainable development. .

Prof. Dr. Nguyen Van Luat