Choose 21 varieties of coffee with high yield and pest resistance

The Central Highlands Agricultural and Forestry Science Institute has researched, bred and selected 21 new coffee varieties with high yield, pest and disease resistance, especially resistance to rust to put them into mass production. create conditions for farmers and enterprises to replace old varieties, improve economic efficiency and product quality, contributing to raising the position of Vietnam's coffee industry in the world market.

>>>10 facts about coffee

In which, there are 11 varieties of Robusta coffee, 2 varieties of tea coffee recognized by the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development.

According to Tay Nguyen Agriculture and Forestry Science Institute, 11 new varieties of Robusta coffee, including: 4/55, 1/20, TR4, TR5, TR6, TR7, TR8, TR9, TR11, TR12, TR13 are both growing well, branching is high, giving yields from 4.5 to 7 tons of coffee beans / ha.

In particular, the grain size is significantly improved, weighing 100 grains (coffee kernel) from 17 to 23 grams, increasing from 4 to 9 grams compared to the old varieties. One of the outstanding advantages of these new varieties of Robusta coffee is its high resistance to rust, with the disease index ranging from 0 to 0.1%.

Photo: mpd.vn

For coffee varieties, TN1, TN2, TN3 . TN10, in which two varieties TN1 and TN2 were recognized by the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development. These are the varieties of tea coffee with average growth time, low trees, compact canopy, short burning.

Specifically, after 30 months of planting, most trees are only 140cm tall, the length of the first level branches is about 75-80cm, there are over 20 burns, and in the business period, the productivity is from 4 to 5 tons of coffee beans / ha and very resistant. High with all physiological races of rust.

The Institute collaborated with the Central Highlands provinces to build bud shoots, with an area of ​​dozens of hectares and annually capable of supplying more than 4 million buds to farmers and businesses to replace 10,000 hectares of coffee beans. old, with old varieties, with low productivity or higher.

With this form of replacement transplanting only after 3 years of starting to harvest (grown with seeds after 5 years), in the following years, the yield is stable from 20 to 25kg of fruit / tree, higher than the old varieties from 10 up to 15kg / tree.

Every year, the Institute also provides farmers and coffee production businesses with 20 tons of multi-line hybrid seeds to gradually improve and replace coffee gardens with old varieties.

The Central Highlands Agricultural and Forestry Science Institute has also developed and transferred to farmers and coffee production enterprises about the process of transplanting to replace the new Robusta coffee, as well as how to grow and care for coffee. Tea, tea coffee has high economic efficiency with uniform application of technical measures to improve and stabilize the productivity of coffee gardens in Vietnam.

Currently, the country has over 600,000 hectares of coffee, of which mainly in the Central Highlands provinces (550,000 hectares), the average yield of 1.8 to 2 tons of coffee beans / ha, with the annual output of 1.2 million tons of green coffee or more.