Preparation of vaccines against cholera from ... rice!
Japanese scientists have successfully prepared a vaccine against cholera from rice. This vaccine has been successfully tested in mice and is considered to have many advantages over current cholera vaccines.
Japanese scientists have successfully prepared a vaccine against cholera from rice. This vaccine has been successfully tested in mice and is considered to have many advantages over current cholera vaccines.
No need for injection, easy to maintain, low cost
The team created the vaccine by introducing a super-molecular structure containing the B toxin of cholera-causing bacteria, Vibrio Cholerae, into the genetically engineered Kitaake rice. This toxin is a protein used to stimulate the immune response.
Vibrio Cholerae causes cholera.
(Photo: Nature.com)
According to the team, each grain of rice produced by this method contains about 30 micrograms of the super-molecular structure mentioned above.
The rice is then fed to mice in the form of a 'powdered' vaccine . The results show that the vaccine is characterized by not being resolved by gastrointestinal digestion, so it will be transferred to the intestine - where it performs the important task of creating the necessary immune reactions. to fight cholera bacteria.
Specifically, the vaccine has the ability to help mice produce a ' two-tiered ' immune response: both stimulating the body's normal resistance and producing antibodies in the nasal mucosa, mouth and secretions. Urethra to neutralize bacterial toxins.
According to the research team, because it is prepared in capsule form to take the vaccine, this vaccine has many outstanding advantages compared to vaccines used for injection.
Dr. Hiroshi Kiyono, a professor of microbiology and immunology at the University of Tokyo, member of the research team, said: 'First of all, this vaccine does not need to be refrigerated like vaccines used for injection. , which can be stored at room temperature for several years; secondly, it has lower production costs; and third, it is more convenient and safe because there is no need for needles'.
According to Mr. Kiyono, the cost of cold storage of vaccines is often very high, causing financial difficulties for poor countries and regions in the world, especially where there are many vaccines needed to vaccinate people.
Therefore, this new vaccine will help test treatment not only cheaper but also easier in the ' hot ' spots of cholera in the world, such as Africa, Latin America, Russia and many places. Other in Asia. Every year, about 200,000 cholera cases are recorded in these areas.
A disease caused by an acute intestinal infection caused by Vibrio Cholerae, cholera has an incubation period of less than 1 day to 5 days. Patients with vomiting and diarrhea throughout the country; If not treated promptly, the patient's body will be severely dehydrated, which can lead to rapid death.
'Technology attractive to developing countries'
In developing countries and poor countries, the source of water is susceptible to infection so cholera is still a very dangerous disease.(Photo: calstatela.edu)
According to the World Health Organization (WHO), cholera epidemic is difficult to develop in developed countries because these countries have modern water and wastewater treatment systems; But in developing countries and poor countries, the water source is susceptible to infection so cholera is still a very dangerous disease.
According to WHO, 'when cholera outbreaks in a community lack preparation to cope, the death rate can be up to 50% - often due to lack of treatment or treatment too late.'
Lead researcher Dr. Tomonori Nochi, of the University of Tokyo Institute of Medicine, said: 'The vaccine made from rice will be a very effective vaccine to fight infectious diseases. Due to its low cost and convenience, the vaccine is very beneficial for developing countries - where the demand for cholera vaccine is often the highest. '
Christoph Tang, a professor of infectious diseases at the Royal University (UK), also said that the vaccine is 'a low-cost technology that is very attractive to developing countries'.
With a successful mouse test, scientists hope the vaccine will also work equally or better in preventing cholera in humans.
Currently, the team is preparing to test this vaccine in primates, before it can be tested on humans in the future. The researcher has just published in the journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (USA).
Minh Quang
According to AFP, Reuters, Guardian, What Is The Word, VNN
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