Restoration of special citrus varieties in Ninh Giang

In order to recover and continue to develop special citrus varieties, since 2011, the Institute of Food and Food Plants has implemented the topic 'Select and restore specialty citrus varieties of Ninh Giang district, Hai Duong province. 'The first step is to bring about practical results.

Lemon Orange Ninh Giang

Ninh Giang district (Hai Duong) has 8,000 ha of agricultural land, a system of rivers and streams and canals to provide fresh water for the cultivation of fruit trees. The citrus tree has a long tradition of growing and is considered a specialty of the region, high quality, sweet and delicious fruit. However, during intensive cultivation, farmers have not been equipped with techniques to select and maintain seed and care techniques, leading to degradation and pests, reducing yield and seed quality.

The process of restoring citrus varieties is conducted based on four stages. In the first stage, the project management board investigated sample trees on the scale of three communes of Dong Tam, Van Hoi and Vinh Hoa with the criteria of area, productivity, quality, growth, development, morphology, pest situation, . thereby selecting 1,000 seedlings for monitoring and breeding.

In the later stages, using small eye grafting method with wood to multiply seedlings from the starting material, select the first-line plants to continue breeding elite trees and first-class seedlings for production.

As a result, the project has been able to produce more than 1,000 citrus seedlings of Ninh Giang citrus plants from disease-free individuals with survival rates above 80%. In terms of quality, the selected trees yield continuous yield for 2 consecutive years with an average of 40 kg of fruit / tree.

The variety has agronomic characteristics: sugar content of about 9%, reducing sugar 4.85%, vitamin C 38.13mg / 100g, dry matter 14.8%, less seeds, less fiber, nice design, yellow shell fresh, harvest fruits early in August-September. A 3-year-old citrus tree obtained about 20-25 tons of fruit / year, the average selling price of 20-30 thousand VND / kg gave an income of 400-500 million / ha.

According to Dr. Dao Xuan Thang, the project leader, citrus seed is a specialty variety suitable to the soil of Ninh Giang region, the product price is high. During the cultivation process, farmers should pay attention to adjust the amount of protein accordingly: the first year 0.5kg / tree, the second year 1kg / tree, from the third year 2kg / tree including Urea, Potassium and Lan Supe.

In order to prevent the harmful effects of leafminer pests, it is necessary to comply with the formula of spraying the first time after the bud appears 2 days and 2 times after spraying 7 times a day. Plant protection drugs such as Trebon 10EC, Sherzol 50EC, Boodo 1%, Topxin 1% are highly effective in eliminating other harmful insects such as aphids, aphids and red spiders.