The most successful scientific ideas in the past year

Scientific achievements can be traced back to ideas that were initially considered to be very vague and utopian ideas. However, it was from these unexpected ideas that many scientific achievements were born. Special modern medicine is marked by the scientific achievements that originated these unique ideas.

Artificial cells

The formation of cells living in nature more than 4 billion years ago was one of the mysteries for the scientific world. However, today, deciphering that mystery has become one of the things that attracts all human interest. The result of the idea of ​​clarifying the structure and birth of living cells is the invention of the first artificial cell. For the first time, scientists at Harvard University - USA have discovered the membrane structure of living cells from fatty acids and protein components. Next is the clarification of cell division and development. This event marked a new step of biotechnology today. This is also the work that brought the Nobel Prize in 2009 to its author, Professor Jack Szostak - a famous geneticist at Harvard University - USA and his colleagues.
Stem cells.

Create artificial enzymes

American scientists were also the first to study and build the first complex molecules that make up enzymes. This is a result of the idea of ​​creating an enzyme that replaces natural enzymes and supports digestion in the event that the body cannot produce enough enzymes itself. Researching natural enzymes, scientists have discovered their molecular structure. This structure is recorded in detail and saved as data in computers. When it is necessary to create artificial enzymes, it is only necessary to assemble heterogeneous molecules, arrange them in a structural order in accordance with the pattern that the data was saved.

Create endogenous stem cells

Stem cells are considered a breakthrough of modern medicine. Most of the cells in the human body (with over 200 different types) are made up of stem cells. Therefore, the creation of stem cells gives hope to treat all kinds of diseases due to damage to the tissues of every organ in the body. Stem cells can be used to develop all kinds of other cells and form all kinds of organs including the most complex organ organs in the human body such as liver, kidney, pancreas . until other organs such as limbs, limbs . At first, the only way to get stem cells was to use cells from human embryos. However, this approach is inadequate and is not commonly used in medical research due to humanitarian issues. Recent achievements in the development of stem cells from the placenta, skin and many other sources . have opened a new development direction for stem cell therapy technology.

Conduct artificial photosynthesis

Photosynthesis is a magical process of plants. Like a complex machine, trees can absorb a large amount of carbon dioxide and create oxygen for the air. After many studies, American scientists have clarified photosynthesis in nature and developed a new technique that allows artificial photosynthesis to take place. An artificial membrane will allow the photosynthetic device to absorb energy through light-receiving molecules on the membrane, then separate carbon dioxide and water molecules into new products, hydrogen, methanol and a mixed form. New combinations that will be used in the future as fuel for aircraft and vehicles.

Clarify the cognitive process

Scientists have long wondered with the question: What is awareness? How is the nature of this process happening in humans? And now, with the research supported by modern devices such as magnetic resonance scans, many mysteries of brain cognition have been made clear. For the first time in history, people have begun to discover the mysteries of their own brain activity. The prefrontal cortex is the brain area that controls many of our activities, including: cognitive processes, concentration, decision making, and many other self-conscious activities in humans. Clarifying the cognitive process and related brain activities not only helps us better understand the nature of this activity but also helps science have more opportunities to access and successfully treat neurological diseases. related.