Nobel's will

It was customary, when every year, in October, Nobel prizes were announced in turn, honoring the people and groups who made the greatest contributions to the benefit of mankind. But few know the controversy behind the world's most prestigious award.

1. The 2006 Nobel season started
2. 2006 Nobel Prize in Medicine for two American scientists

Do not be biased

Nobel is a world-renowned scientist in research and manufacture of explosives in the 19th century. He owns 355 inventive patent items and over 100 explosives factories in many countries around the world. Therefore, he was dubbed the " king of explosives ". In the last years of his life, Alfred Bernhard Nobel (1833-1896) wrote three copies of the Will in 1889, 1893, and 1895 on the handling of his property after his death. The final version is the standard wills he sent to a bank in Stockholm. Original:

The undersigned is Alfred Bernhard Nobel. I thought carefully and published the last Will on the handling of the number of assets I left after my death:

The entire asset is converted into cash, my executor will invest in securities safely and constitute a kind of fund. The profit of the fund is divided into 5 equal parts to reward those who have the greatest contribution to the interests of mankind in the previous year, including: People with the most important discovery or invention in the field of Animals reason; The person with the most important discovery or improvement in the field of Chemistry; People with the most important findings in the field of Physiology or Medicine; People have written the most outstanding literary works according to the idealism; The greatest or the best contributor to the promotion of friendly relations between countries, the elimination or reduction of military, military and peace conferences. World famous scientist Alfred Bernhard Nobel (Photo: lucidcafe)

The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences awarded the prize for physics and chemistry; The Stockholm Institute of Medicine grants awards for physiological or medical prizes; Swedish Literature Institute Stockholm considered giving literature prizes; The peace prize was dispatched by a committee of five Norwegian parliamentarians to consider the donation.

My most obvious desire is: when considering to award prizes to the above-mentioned characters, there is absolutely no impartiality of his nationality, regardless of whether they are Scandinavian (Sweden is on the side East of Scandinavia in Northern Europe - NV) , they just deserve it.

Setting up the awards above is my most pressing wish.

This is my only valid Will. After I passed away, if I had discovered the other wills of my previous property handling, those wills were void.

Alfred Bernhard Nobel

November 27, 1895

In 1968, on the 300th anniversary of the founding of the Swedish Bank, the Bank exported the Nobel Prize in Economics, called the "Nobel Memorial Prize in Economics", to give to those who had great contributions in field of economic research. This award was awarded in 1969 at the same time as the award of other Nobel prizes in the year.

Argumentative

After Nobel's Will will be published, immediately controversial in Sweden, especially in the lawyers and the press. At that time the writer of the Will had rested for two years in the gold stream.

Many newspaper articles encouraged Nobel's close relatives to file a lawsuit. They claim that Nobel is Swedish but in the commentary he has no favor for Scandinavian people. Moreover, the Peace Prize he gave Norway to review and award, this is detrimental to Swedish interests. Some members of the Swedish Democratic Social Party argue that Nobel uses his assets to award prizes to reward outstanding figures, but in fact Nobel's fortune is achieved through the labor of many workers. natural minerals and minerals, should be divided equally among members of Swedish society.

Some lawyers tried to look into openings in the Will to neutralize it. They said that this Will does not specify which wills of the Testament people are citizens; therefore, it is difficult to determine which country's law enforcement agency has the authority to rule out the legality of the Will, the more impossible it is to determine which government is organizing the Nobel Prize committee.

In fact, Nobel is 'the person of the world '. He was born in Sweden but grew up in Russia, creative activity around the globe and died in Italy. In the last years of his life, he did not have any nationality.

The lawyers also pointed out some other loopholes such as in the Will that do not specify all of Nobel's assets managed by anyone, do not specify anyone who established that fund, so the executor does The will does not have the right to inherit the number of assets and there cannot exist an organization that inherits the prize fund.

What surprised many people, according to the Nobel Will, is that the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences reviewed the Physics Prize and the Chemistry Prize, but the Director of the Institute then suggested that Nobel property should not be used. Prize fund that should be donated to the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences .

Due to the efforts of the Will executives, finally, on May 21, 1898, the King of Sweden declared the Testament of Nobel to take effect, on June 29, 1900, the Swedish Parliament through the Nobel Prize Charter.

On December 10, 1901, on the 5th anniversary of the loss of the Nobel, the first Nobel Prize was awarded. And since then, this annual award has always attracted the attention of many people around the world.

NGUYEN THANH TUO (synthesized)

Rewards for Nobel prizes are equal.The prize includes a Certificate, a 23K gold medal weighing about half a pound (1 pound = 0.4536 kg) and a bonus check.Bonus changes over time;the first year (1901) is 150,000 Krona (Swedish money, about 42,000 USD);in 2006 about 1.4 million USD.

Expected consideration and announcement of the award this year:

1. 2-10: Medicine
2. 3-10: Physics
3. 4-10: Chemistry
4. 5-10: Literature
5. 9-10: Economics
6. 13-10: Peace