Why do we smell the smell?

The nose has 2 nostrils, separated in the middle by the middle nasal wall, each nostril has 4 walls and 2 nostrils before and after.

The nose is lined by mucous membranes (mucous membranes) with a special structure, divided into two regions, performing two main functions: breathing area and smelling area . The nasal mucosa is a membrane that covers all the walls of the nose and spleen into all the sinuses associated with the nose. So when the nose is inflamed, the lining of the lining is obstructed, narrowing the part of the sinuses into the nose.

The nasal mucosa is divided into 2 layers: Upper layer or olfactory layer : from the attachment to the upper curly bone above and above, accounting for 1/3 of the nasal mucosa. Here the yellow or brown-gray mucosa, which is the head of the olfactory nerves, is a dangerous surgical area, which can travel through the olfactory nerve to the meninges and brain.

The reason we smell because the air breathes in through the nostrils, according to the upper nostril, affects the surface of the olfactory nerve section in the mucosa, making us aware of the smell.

Structure of the nose.

Lower layer or respiratory layer : is the area below the upper helix, accounting for 2/3 of the submucosa in the nose, which is pink and pink, many mucous glands (to roll dust into the nasal floss) with feathers to prevent dust There are many lymphocytes to protect, many blood vessels form a limb network around the lower curvature, especially on the sides of the leaf wall, it converges into a vein in the way behind the nostril before 1, 5 cm, which is easy to cause bleeding (nosebleeds).

The upper layer of the nasal mucosa is surrounded by nerve fibers and is always kept wet by the fluid glands. There are small hairs on the nasal mucosa, the end is covered with fat. If these small hairs are removed and dried out, we lose the sense of smell.

Odor is a chemical sensation caused by the impact of volatile matter molecules on the nose, which is dissolved in the fluid of the mucus (mucus) nose with receptors located on the small hairs of olfactory mucous membrane. When we smell, it takes a little time to notice the smell. The smell must be made from volatile compounds and can dissolve in the fat layer that covers the end of the olfactory hairs.

Smell is a chemical sensation caused by the impact of volatile matter molecules on the nose.

In the brain there is a central odor, it receives information from the olfactory nerve in the nose and helps us identify each type of smell. The olfactory receptors are bipolar cells with a diameter of only 5-10 microns (abbreviated μm, 1μm = 1 / 1000mm).

In the olfactory mucosa of each person there are about 1 billion rhombic olfactory cells. On the surface the olfactory cells have small hairs (only about 0.3 μm in diameter). These hairs are in the lining of the olfactory cells and form a thick coating of the olfactory mucosa.

Thanks to these small hairs, the contact area of ​​the olfactory cells reaches an area of ​​about 500 - 700cm ² . This is where the chemical stimuli are applied to each odor and transferred to the brain. Smelling is the most sensitive sense of the human senses.