Application of SDS-PAGE protein electrophoresis technique to improve and improve the quality of rice varieties

SDS-PAGE protein electrophoresis (Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate PolyAcrylamide) is a popular technique in the field of biotechnology, can be applied on plants, animals, microorganisms. In selecting rice varieties, this technique helps to quickly detect outstanding properties such as aroma, protein, amylose . so that scientists can select the good quality lines and varieties. Some specialty rice varieties have improved their quality and many promising rice varieties have been developed by this technique.

Improve quality of specialty varieties

In the process of cultivation, due to the effects of natural conditions and farming techniques, many rice varieties are degraded, leading to poor quality, reduced productivity. Scientists of the Genetic Selection and Biotechnology Application Laboratory of the Seed-Agriculture Department (Department of Agriculture and Applied Biology, Can Tho University) have applied protein electrophoresis technology. SDS-PAGE to successfully improve the quality of many degraded specialty rice varieties of the Mekong Delta.

Nep Be 1-2 quality rice cooked delicious, flexible, grain length and higher yield than Nep Be. This is a typical result of the application of SDS-PAGE protein electrophoresis technique to restore Nep Be rice variety specialty in Tien Giang province. The work was carried out by Dr. Vo Cong Thanh and scientists of Genetic Selection and Biotechnology Application Laboratory. With these advantages, Nep Be 1-2 varieties are increasingly favored by farmers and markets. Currently, this variety is replicated in 5,000 ha area, in Cho Gao district, Tien Giang province.

Dr. Vo Cong Thanh evaluated the improved Jasmine 85 variety by electrophoresis technique, which was grown at the Red Flag Farm.

Jasmine 85 is a famous aromatic rice variety with high economic value, produced by farmers on a large scale . However, recently, the breed has shown unstable, unstable aroma, making it difficult for farmers to find a consuming market. Joy to farmers when Jasmine 85 is researched, improved and restored by the scientists.

Mr. Pham Van Khiem, in charge of the Rice Breeding Cooperative Group in Trung Thanh commune, Thot Not district, excitedly said: 'Researched Jasmine variety line 7, 8, 10 of Can Tho University researched and yielded. high, fragrant, cooked rice should be favored by the market. Currently, we are organizing the breeding of improved Jasmine lines to supply local farmers and farmers in Giong Rieng District, Kien Giang Province '.

The improved Jasmine variety that farmers are accustomed to is the Jasmine variety that has been selected by scientists from the Genetic Laboratory and Applied Biotechnology, by the SDS-PAGE protein electrophoresis technique. These varieties were transferred by scientists to Thot Not district farmers and the Red Flag Farm for testing and replication from 2005 up to now. In addition to Jasmine, Co Do Farm also received and planted trials of varieties ST1, VD-20, Nep Be. According to the initial assessment of extension workers and farmers, these varieties grow well, have less pests and diseases, can achieve high productivity and quality.

In addition to the above varieties, scientists also successfully selected VD-20, Tai Nguyen Mua and Klongkluong varieties in the direction of improving quality and productivity, being able to replace degraded cultivars. These varieties will be transferred to localities in need.

Choose to create promising varieties

Dr. Vo Cong Thanh, Deputy Head of the Department of Agriculture and Breeding, said: 'SDS-PAGE protein electrophoresis technique helps purify degenerated strains and select varieties towards improving the quality of cooked and softened rice. rice. Especially increasing the protein content, helping the rice more delicious. This technique is low cost, resulting in faster results than traditional selection methods. '

SDS-PAGE protein electrophoresis technique was absorbed by Dr. Vo Cong Thanh from Tokyo Industrial and Agricultural University (Japan) and applied to the creation of plant varieties from 1997 to present.

In addition to specialty rice varieties, scientists also select and breed promising rice varieties and organize trials in some localities. In Hau Giang province, 10 promising rice varieties are experimentally grown at Hau Giang Agriculture Seed Center. Through the Summer-Autumn crop of 2006 and Winter-Spring 2006-2007, the Center has selected 4 outstanding varieties to be the performance point for Summer-Autumn crop 2007: MTL 250-1, F6 B53 / A2, Pidau- 1 and Pidau- 2. Show Now, these varieties are waiting for harvest.

Mr. Lu Xuan Hoi, Deputy Director of Hau Giang Agriculture Seed Center, said: 'The pest resistance of these varieties is relatively good. During the past seasons, there were some migratory BPHs, but rice was not much affected. The varieties are blooming so the productivity can be high. After the demonstration, if farmers appreciate and agree to cooperate, the center will organize a large-scale trial production. '

In addition to improving the old seed quality, the dream of Dr. Vo Cong Thanh and his colleagues is to create completely new aromatic rice varieties by using SDS-PAGE protein electrophoresis technique. Currently, a newly bred aromatic rice variety between Jasmine 85 and an Australian short-term high-yielding rice variety has been successfully chosen by scientists and is looking for a transfer unit.

Dr. Vo Cong Thanh said: 'This new rice has a fragrance that is not as good as Jasmine, only 90 days, shortening 10 to 15 days compared to Jasmine. As for the productivity and quality of the variety, it is necessary to grow trial and trial production to evaluate accurately '.

This study contributes to maintaining the quality of fragrant rice conglomerate, and also serves as a genetic basis for the selection of high quality aromatic rice varieties, added to the Mekong Delta rice farming system. .

Post, photo: COLLECTION