Discovering new genes can cause breast cancer

Researchers at the Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute at the University of Pennsylvania and Dana-Farber Cancer Institute in this week's article have identified a new genetic candidate that is sensitive to breast cancer. Rap80 gene requires the function of restoring normal DNA of the famous breast cancer gene - BRCA1 gene.

The cancer-causing mutation in the BRCA1 protein does not bind to the Rap80 protein. Therefore, BRCA1 cannot identify DNA damage sites in the genome. When BRCA1 cannot replace the location of DNA damage, cancer-causing mutations accumulate, proliferating the development of malignant tumors in the breast and ovaries.

'With this new discovery, we have made a significant insight into the molecular structure that BRCA1 recognizes the locations of DNA damage that mutations of BRCA1 cause breast cancer. Unrecognizable, "said a researcher.

(Photo: Dong Nai Department of Science and Technology) In this study, the researchers found that Rap80 binds to the BRCA1 protein zone, and this is necessary for identifying areas of DNA damage. In the 1990s, investigators discovered that BRCA1 is involved in DNA repair by maintaining the normal number and structure of the chromosome. Unrecoverable DNA ruptures can lead to cancer because the rate of mutation accelerates the risk of cancer changes in the gene sequence.

In particular, the variation of the proteins in the cell nucleus with another protein called ubiquitin - this protein binds to DNA, is responsible for transmitting the BRCA1 signal through Rap80 to function . The Rap80 is associated with specific types of uqinitin, focusing on areas of DNA damage, making BRCA1 selectable in vulnerable areas.

According to statistics, less than 50% of mutations made by BRCA1 & BRCA2 create a tendency for breast cancer. 'The genetic basis of these breast cancers is in another family, which is largely unknown to anyone,' Greenberg explained. 'They cannot express the choice based on the launch and treatment screenings, or otherwise prevent them, as the methods they BRCA1 can.'

Researchers from many branches of the lab, including Penne and colleagues, by David M. Livingston, co-author of Dana-Faber, are realizing that many non-BRCA families have mutations in the gene. have a relationship with BRCA1 again. Countless genes coding for these proteins also change in the breast cancer of this family.

Grennberg said: 'That's why Rap80, by interacting with BRCA1; essential in tumor suppression; now become a candidate to study in the form of genes that cause other breast cancers among them without mutations of BRCA1 & BRCA2. In a collaboration with other scientists, we now note and see that if they do not have a history of breast cancer, but the lack of mutations of BRCA1 & BRCA2, there is a change common gene sequences in Rap80. '

Danh Phuong