How to prevent pregnancy poisoning?

Pregnancy poisoning is a disease that occurs during pregnancy. Pregnancy poisoning in the first 3 months, pregnant women exhibit severe morning sickness, in late pregnancy (the last 3 months) women have symptoms of edema, hypertension, proteinuria .

Maternity monitoring machine at Kim Son Hospital - Ninh Binh (Photo: Huu Linh)

Pregnancy poisoning without treatment can lead to pre-eclampsia and eclampsia. In pregnant women with fetal toxicity, newborns often suffocate when giving birth.

Who is prone to pregnancy poisoning?

Pregnant women with a history of cardiovascular disease, hypertension, glomerulonephritis, fat, pregnant women, twin pregnancies, amniotic fluid, diabetes .

Symptoms of pregnancy poisoning

Edema : Edema 2 lower limb, most often occurring in the last 3 months of pregnancy. Discovered by pressing the finger on the ankle with the concave sign of the finger, severe edema can fit in both the face and hands. Pregnant women who are pregnant due to pregnancy are forced to rest, high-legged will stop. In pregnancy poisoning, the foot swelling does not decrease after resting. Weight increases rapidly to 500g per week due to water retention in the body.

Protein testing if greater than 0.3 g / l is abnormal, monitoring of pregnancy toxicity should be monitored.

Hypertension : Pregnant women with fetal toxicity, at the end of pregnancy, the maximum blood pressure is increased by about 30mmHg and the minimum blood pressure increases by about 15mmHg compared to before becoming pregnant or having a blood pressure above 140 / 90mmHg. need to monitor and treat pregnancy poisoning.

Complications of pregnancy poisoning : Pregnancy without treatment can lead to pre-eclampsia and eclampsia.

- Pre-eclampsia: Expression of women was dizzy, there was a phenomenon of blurred vision, sometimes nausea, urine with protein increased to 0.5g / l, edema did not decrease but heavier and less urine but no bout If the blood pressure above 160 / 100mmHg, but treatment is not reduced, it is necessary to manage the pregnancy immediately if not, it can lead to eclampsia.

- Seizures: Usually occurs at the end of pregnancy, during labor and after delivery. Mothers have seizures and coma, accompanied by edema, hypertension, proteinuria. It is more common in pregnant women than babies, and usually occurs from the 30th week onwards.

- Expression of eclampsia: A strong convulsions, an island's eye and then pulling the whole body stiffening, head sticking back, eyes rolling upwards, then stopping breathing and moving very quickly to jerky, convulsions in the face, tugging In the arms and legs, you can bite your tongue and foam at the mouth, your face is green and then turn gray, it looks scary, then convulsively diminishes, then the woman is comatose then gasps. Rapid pulse, increased contractions when jerking, other subsequent seizures. If left untreated, it leads to heart failure, pulmonary edema and brain bleeding leading to death.

- For prenatal eclampsia: Seizures can lead to premature birth, the fetus often dies. If well treated, pregnant women can labor and live babies.

- For eclampsia during labor: The seizure causes a strong uterine contraction, so for pregnant women with a slow open cervix, the caesarean section must be handled immediately.

- Postpartum eclampsia: Usually milder, seizures usually occur several hours after delivery. Therefore, for pregnant women at a medical station with a seizure, it is necessary to monitor each seizure, measure blood pressure and test urine regularly and need to be treated quickly, and immediately transfer patients to specialized hospitals. obstetrics department for treatment.

- Prevention of eclampsia: Need to monitor and manage pregnancy well. During pregnancy, attention should be paid to proper nutrition (sugar, protein, vitamins, micronutrients, iron supplements, acid folic .). Attention should be paid to regular antenatal care, if you feel like it, you should go for an antenatal checkup even if you have not been scheduled to check your blood pressure and urine test. If at the medical station, women are found to have edema, hypertension, proteinuria must promptly transfer patients to a hospital with specialized obstetrics for safe treatment and delivery.

If the woman has seizures, it should be handled as follows:

Use a long splint or a large stick like a tape-wrapped tongue outside to bury the woman in a bout of biting. If winter, keep warm for pregnant women. Immediately inject one of the tranquilizers like morphine 0.01mg x 1 tube, if no morphine can be replaced by drugs such as bacbituric, seduxen and quickly transfer pregnant women to hospitals with obstetric specialty.

Note : Women who have seizures must prevent heavy bleeding after delivery.

Pregnancy poisoning without treatment can lead to pre-eclampsia and eclampsia. Pregnant women in the 7th or 30th month of the year whose maximum blood pressure increased by 30mmHg and minimum blood pressure increased by 15mmHg compared to before pregnancy and pregnant women with blood pressure above 140 / 90mmHg must be monitored and Immediate treatment to prevent eclampsia.