How do people prepare to go to Mars?

To realize the ambition to conquer the red planet in the future, scientists around the world have experimented with spacecraft like flying saucers, the world's most powerful missiles or manufacturing oxygen machines.

People have prepared for the landing on Mars

On March 27, 2015, astronaut Scott Kelly of the US Aeronautics Agency (NASA) and two colleagues Gennady Padalka and Mikhail Kornienko started their new lives on the International Space Station (ISS).For Kelly and Kornienko, this is the day of the mission marking a year in the universe - one of the longest periods that people ever experienced on ISS.This test will help experts learn and evaluate the long-term impact of a zero gravity environment on the human body, before being able to take astronauts to Mars and back.(Photo: Twitter)

NASA's propulsion laboratory is testing the LDSD spacecraft project, which takes the form of a flying disc and can carry goods.LDSD research and improvement activities will be carried out before being ready for the journey to Mars around 2030. The next test flight is scheduled to take place next month.(Photo: NASA)

The flights of people on Mars are synonymous with large loads, setting requirements for missile systems.NASA is making the most powerful missile ever called the Space Launch System (SLS).It was designed for NASA's future deep space missions, sending four astronauts onto the Orion spacecraft to the target location, be it an asteroid or even Mars.Meanwhile, SpaceX is also building a Falcon Heavy rocket, with the goal of someday bringing humans to space, the Moon and eventually Mars.(Photo: NASA)

US space technology company Bigelow Aerospace introduces the idea of ​​creating a lightweight and inflatable module called BEAM, which saves costs for multi-cargo flights and needs space for astronauts. When inflated, it creates a room about 4 meters long and 3 meters wide. BEAM has features that protect people from the impact of dangerous space radiation.
SpaceX intends to put this structure on ISS and inflate for two years.During this time, astronauts will not live here but only control the temperature, pressure and radiation level.(Photo: Bigelow Aerospace)

One of the major obstacles in the ambition of conquering Mars is bringing people back to Earth.SpaceX offers a remedy by making rockets reusable, able to navigate back to the ground and soft landing.However, Falcon 9 test activities, returning from space and landing on a barge floating in the ocean, have not been successful.(Photo: SpaceX)

Oxygen is an important factor in the journey to explore the universe. This is the reason why Massachusetts Institute of Technology, USA scientists, make an oxygen production on Mars, expected to be put on this planet in 2020.
Because Mars' atmosphere consists of 96% carbon dioxide and only 2% oxygen, humans will quickly suffocate if they intentionally breathe. Therefore, the houses on this planet must have a closed design. However, people are not familiar with this habitat, when they have to wear space clothing if going out, growing and harvesting food themselves (almost certainly a vegetarian diet because of bringing animals to Mars costly).
Experts are studying the impact of this type of habitat on human psychology and body, including the Mars simulation program with closed settlements in the extreme north of Canada, southwestern America. , remote areas of Australia and Iceland.(Photo: Jessica Orwig)

To test the technology of bringing people to Mars, NASA will use an asteroid capture spacecraft and put it into orbit around the Moon until the mid-2020s. The agency also intends to use the ship. Solar energy, consumes 5-10 times less fuel than the current propulsion system.In March of this year, NASA announced that it had twice as many potential asteroids for the mission on the red planet as it was three years earlier.(Photo: Slooh Community Observatory)

The astronaut's attire for ISS is not currently applied to missions on Mars, because there have been designs 40 years ago and regularly returned to Earth for repairs.NASA is designing a new kind of space outfit, dedicated to journeys of 6 months to a year.(Photo: NASA)

Mars One is a non-profit project of Bas Lansdrop, a Dutch businessman. The project was judged to be the most daring ever, with the aim of bringing the first four people to settle in Mars on a spaceship "one that did not return", ie for those who intend to live the rest of life on Mars, in 2024.
Compared to NASA's plan to send astronauts to the 2030 red planet, this project is considered more ambitious.(Photo: NASA)